Amakuru - Gucunga Ubushuhe bwa Greenhouse: Kurinda Indwara Zangiza

Wigeze winjira muri parike yawe mugitondo ukumva ukandagiye muri sauna? Uwo mwuka ushyushye, utose ushobora kuba mwiza kubihingwa byawe - ariko birashobora kugushiraho ibibazo.

Ubushuhe bukabije ni imwe mu mpamvu zitera indwara z’ibihumyo ndetse n’ibyorezo by’udukoko muri pariki. Kuva kuri powdery mildew kuri combre kugeza kuri botrytis kuri strawberry, ubuhehere burenze mwikirere butera ahantu heza ho kororera ibibazo byibimera.

Reka dusenye uburyo ushobora gufata neza ubushuhe muri pariki yawe - n'impamvu kubikora bishobora kuzigama imyaka yawe na bije yawe.

Kuki Ubushuhe Bwingenzi muri Greenhouse?

Ubushuhe ni ubwinshi bwamazi yo mu kirere. Muri pariki, ahanini tuvugaugereranije n'ubushuhe (RH) - ni ubuhe butumburuke buri mu kirere ugereranije nubunini bushobora gufata kuri ubwo bushyuhe.

Iyo RH irenze 85-90%, winjira mukarere. Nibwo intanga ngabo zimera, bagiteri ziragwira, kandi udukoko tumwe na tumwe tera imbere. Kugenzura ubuhehere ningirakamaro nko gucunga ubushyuhe cyangwa urumuri.

Muri pariki ifite ubwenge mu Buholandi, sensor yaburiye abahinzi igihe RH yakubise 92%. Mu masaha 24, imvi zaragaragaye. Ubu bakurura abafana byikora na dehumidifiers kuri 80% kugirango bagumane umutekano.

Ukuntu Ubushuhe Bwinshi butera indwara nudukoko

Indwara yibihumyo ikunda ibidukikije bishyushye, bitose. Spore ya powdery mildew, mildew yamanutse, na botrytis ikenera amasaha make gusa yubushyuhe bwinshi kugirango ikore.

Ubushyuhe bwinshi nabwo butera inkunga:

Ibimera bifatika bikurura thrips nisazi zera

Intege nke zibihingwa, byoroshye kwandura

Iyegeranya ku mababi, ikwirakwiza indwara

Gukura neza ku mbuto, indabyo, ndetse no ku rukuta rwa parike

Muri Guangdong, umuhinzi umwe wa roza yabonye ibibara byirabura bikwirakwira ijoro ryose mugihe cyimvura. Nyirabayazana? Uruvange rwa 95% RH, umwuka uhagaze, hamwe na kare kare.

Intambwe ya 1: Menya Ubushuhe bwawe

Tangira upima. Ntushobora gucunga ibyo udashobora kubona. Shyira hygrometero ya digitale cyangwa ibyuma byikirere ahantu hatandukanye muri pariki yawe - hafi y ibihingwa, munsi yintebe, no mu mfuruka.

Shakisha:

RH ya buri munsi, cyane cyane mbere yuko izuba rirasa

RH ndende mubice bito byo mu kirere

Ibitunguranye bitunguranye nyuma yo kuhira cyangwa ubushyuhe bugabanuka

Rukuruzi rwubwenge rushobora gukurikirana RH hanyuma igahita ihindura abafana, umuyaga, cyangwa igihu - bigatera ikirere kiringaniye.

Intambwe ya 2: Kunoza ikirere no guhumeka

Imyuka yo mu kirere ifasha kumena imifuka itose. Byihutisha kandi gukama amababi, bigabanya ibihumyo.

Inama z'ingenzi:

Shyiramo umuyaga utambitse (HAF) kugirango uzenguruke umwuka neza

Fungura igisenge cyangwa umuyaga kuruhande mugihe cyubushyuhe, ubushuhe

Koresha umuyaga usohora cyangwa chimneys pasive kugirango ukureho umwuka mwiza

Mu ci, guhumeka bisanzwe birashobora gukora ibitangaza. Mu gihe c'itumba, vanga mu kirere gishyushye kugirango wirinde ubukonje bukabije ku bimera.

Ikiraro kimwe muri Californiya cyagabanije botrytis 60% nyuma yo gushyiraho panne-cross-ventilation hamwe nabafana bo murwego rwo hasi.

Intambwe ya 3: Hindura Kuhira neza

Kuvomera amazi nisoko nyamukuru yubushuhe. Ubutaka butose buguruka, bikazamura RH - cyane cyane nijoro.

Inama zo kuhira:

Amazi mugitondo kuburyo ubuhehere burenze bwuma nimugoroba

Koresha kuvomera ibitonyanga kugirango ugabanye umwuka

Irinde kuvomera mugihe cyijimye, haracyari iminsi

Reba ubuhehere bwubutaka mbere yo kuvomera - ntabwo biri kuri gahunda gusa

Guhindukira ku byuma bifata ubutaka no kuhira igihe byafashije umuhinzi w’urusenda muri Mexico kugabanuka RH ku gipimo cya 10% hakurya.

Intambwe ya 4: Koresha Dehumidifiers no gushyushya mugihe bikenewe

Rimwe na rimwe, umwuka wo mu kirere ntabwo uhagije - cyane cyane mu bihe bikonje cyangwa bitose. Imyunyu ngugu ikurura amazi mu kirere mu buryo butaziguye.

Huza hamwe no gushyushya kuri:

Irinde guhunika ku rukuta rwa pariki cyangwa ku gisenge

Shishikarizwa guhinduranya ibimera

Komeza RH ihamye hafi 70-80%

Mu kirere cy’amajyaruguru, gushyushya umwuka ukonje nijoro birinda igihu n’ikime cyo mu gitondo - ibintu bibiri nyamukuru bitera indwara yibihumyo.

Pariki zigezweho akenshi zihuza imyuka nubushyuhe na mudasobwa yikirere kugirango igenzurwe mu buryo bwikora.

Intambwe ya 5: Irinde imitego ihishe

Ubushuhe bwose ntibuturuka ahantu hagaragara.

Witondere:

Amabuye yatose cyangwa hasi

Ibimera byuzuye bihagarika umwuka

Ibirundo by'imyanda kama cyangwa imyenda itwikiriye igicucu

Umuyoboro cyangwa imiyoboro

Kubungabunga gahunda, gusukura, no gutandukanya ibimera byose bifasha kugabanya ubuhehere "ahantu hashyushye."

Icyatsi kibisi muri Vietnam cyasimbuye ibiti bya pulasitike n’umwenda uhumeka kandi bigabanya RH yayo 15% muri tunel nkeya.

Intambwe ya 6: Huza hamwe nibindi bikorwa bya IPM

Kurwanya ubuhehere ni kimwe mu bigize udukoko no kwirinda indwara. Kurinda byuzuye, komatanya na:

Urushundura rw'udukoko kugirango tubuze udukoko kwinjira

Imitego ifatanye kugirango ikurikirane udukoko tuguruka

Igenzura ryibinyabuzima (nka mite yinyamaswa cyangwa ibihumyo byingirakamaro)

Gusukura buri gihe no gutema ibihingwa

Ubu buryo bwuzuye butuma parike yawe igira ubuzima bwiza - kandi igabanya kwishingikiriza kuri fungicide cyangwa udukoko twica udukoko.

Chengfei Greenhouse yinjiza igenzura ryubushuhe mubikorwa byabo bya IPM mugushushanya ibice byubatswe hamwe nu mwuka uhumeka, imiyoboro y'amazi, hamwe na sensor array - kwemeza ko ubuhehere buguma hasi.

Kugumana uburinganire butuma ibihingwa byawe bikura - hamwe nudukoko nudukoko.